1.坚固的；坚硬的；结实的solid, firm or stiff and difficult to bend or break
Wait for the concrete to go hard.等待混凝土凝结。
a hard mattress硬床垫
Diamonds are the hardest known mineral.钻石是已知的最坚硬的矿石。
2.难做的；难懂的；难以回答的difficult to do, understand or answer
a hard choice/question为难的选择；难以回答的问题
It is hard to believe that she's only nine.很难相信她只有九岁。
It's hard to see how they can lose.很难理解他们怎么会输。
‘When will the job be finished?’ ‘It's hard to say .’(= it is difficult to be certain)“这项工作什么时候能完成？”“难说。”
I find his attitude very hard to take(= difficult to accept) .他的态度让我难以接受。
We're finding reliable staff hard to come by(= difficult to get) .我们觉得难以找到可靠的职员。
It's hard for old people to change their ways.老年人难以改变他们的习惯。
It must be hard for her, bringing up four children on her own.她一个人抚养四个孩子一定很艰难。
3.困苦的；艰苦的；艰难的full of difficulty and problems, especially because of a lack of money
Times were hard at the end of the war.战争后期生活很艰苦。
She's had a hard life.她一生艰苦。
4.耗费体力（或脑力）的；辛苦的needing or using a lot of physical strength or mental effort
It's hard work shovelling snow.铲雪是个苦活儿。
I've had a long hard day.我度过了漫长辛苦的一天。
5.努力的；勤劳的putting a lot of effort or energy into an activity
She's a very hard worker.她工作很卖力。
He's hard at work on a new novel.他正努力忙着写一本新小说。
When I left they were all still hard at it(= working hard) .我离开的时候他们都还在努力工作。
6.用力的；猛烈的done with a lot of strength or force
He gave the door a good hard kick.他狠狠踢了一下门。
a hard punch砰的一拳
7.冷酷无情的；硬心肠的；苛刻的showing no sympathy or affection
My father was a hard man.我父亲是个不讲情面的人。
She gave me a hard stare.她狠狠地看了我一眼。
He said some very hard things to me.他对我说了些很不近人情的话。
8.(informal)准备战斗的；不软弱退缩的ready to fight and showing no signs of fear or weakness
Come and get me if you think you're hard enough.你要是觉得自己有种，就冲着我来吧。
You think you're really hard, don't you?你是不是以为自己真的很勇猛？
9.[obn]确凿的；可证实的；可靠的definitely true and based on information that can be proved
Is there any hard evidence either way?不管正反，有什么确凿证据吗？
The newspaper story is based on hard facts .报纸的这篇报道有可靠的事实根据。
10.寒冷的；凛冽的very cold and severe
It had been a hard winter .那年的冬天特别冷。
There was a hard frost that night.那天晚上寒冷多霜。
11.[obn]酒精浓度高的；烈性的strongly alcoholic
hard liquor烈酒
a drop of the hard stuff(= a strong alcoholic drink)少许烈酒
12.硬的（含钙及镁等可溶性盐较多）containing calcium and other mineral salts that make mixing with soap difficult
a hard water area硬水区
Our water is very hard.我们的水很硬。
13.硬音的（如字母 c 或 g 在 cat 或 go 等词中的发音）used to describe a letter <ei>c</ei> or <ei>g</ei> when pronounced as in ‘cat’ or ‘go’, rather than as in ‘city’ or ‘giant’
Don't be too hard on him─he's very young.别对他太苛刻了，他还很小呢。
It's hard on people who don't have a car.对于没有车的人来说，这不公平。
Looking at a computer screen all day can be very hard on the eyes.成天盯着计算机屏幕可能会对眼睛造成严重损害。
Don't be too hard on him─he's very young.别对他太苛刻了，他还很小呢。
It's hard on people who don't have a car.对于没有车的人来说，这不公平。
Looking at a computer screen all day can be very hard on the eyes.成天盯着计算机屏幕可能会对眼睛造成严重损害。
They really gave me a hard time at the interview.面试时他们确实是在难为我。
They really gave me a hard time at the interview.面试时他们确实是在难为我。
There are no hard and fast rules about this.这事没有什么硬性的规定。
There are no hard and fast rules about this.这事没有什么硬性的规定。
I'm finding his latest novel very hard going.我觉得他最近的这部小说很晦涩。
I'm finding his latest novel very hard going.我觉得他最近的这部小说很晦涩。
‘Failed again, I'm afraid.’ ‘Oh, hard luck.’“恐怕我又失败了。”“哦，太不幸了。”
‘Failed again, I'm afraid.’ ‘Oh, hard luck.’“恐怕我又失败了。”“哦，太不幸了。”
She won't listen to my advice so she'll just have to learn the hard way .她不肯听我的忠告，所以只好吃了苦头才知道厉害。
She won't listen to my advice so she'll just have to learn the hard way .她不肯听我的忠告，所以只好吃了苦头才知道厉害。
It looks like I'm the winner again. No hard feelings, Dave, eh?看来我又赢了。你不会不高兴吧，戴夫？
It looks like I'm the winner again. No hard feelings, Dave, eh?看来我又赢了。你不会不高兴吧，戴夫？
I can't be bothered making a hot meal─it's too much like hard work.我懒得做热饭热菜，太麻烦了。
I can't be bothered making a hot meal─it's too much like hard work.我懒得做热饭热菜，太麻烦了。
1.努力地；费力地；艰难地with great effort; with difficulty
to work hard努力工作
You must try harder .你得更加努力。
She tried her hardest not to show how disappointed she was.她竭力不流露出自己有多失望。
Don't hit it so hard!别这么用力打！
He was still breathing hard after his run.他跑完步，现在还气喘吁吁的。
Our victory was hard won(= won with great difficulty) .我们的胜利来之不易。
2.猛力地；猛烈地with great force
Small businesses have been hit hard / hard hit by the recession.小企业受到了经济衰退的沉重打击。
3.彻底认真地very carefully and thoroughly
to think hard认真思考
We thought long and hard before deciding to move house.我们经过长久慎重的考虑之后才决定搬家。
4.沉重地；大量地；长时间地heavily; a lot or for a long time
It was raining hard when we set off.我们出发时正下着大雨。
5.向左（或右）急转弯at a sharp angle to the left/right
Turn hard right at the next junction.在下个路口处向右急转弯。
She has every right to feel hard done by─her parents have given her nothing.她完全有理由觉得委屈，她父母什么都没给她。
She has every right to feel hard done by─her parents have given her nothing.她完全有理由觉得委屈，她父母什么都没给她。
He was hard put to it to explain her disappearance.他很难对她的消失作出解释。
He was hard put to it to explain her disappearance.他很难对她的消失作出解释。
We're hard up for ideas.我们再想不出主意了。
We're hard up for ideas.我们再想不出主意了。
His death followed hard on hers.她死后不久，他也死了。
His death followed hard on hers.她死后不久，他也死了。
He took his wife's death very hard.他对妻子的死感到很难过。
He took his wife's death very hard.他对妻子的死感到很难过。
In Fergie's case it's harder to see who she was trying to please and why.
而在萨拉•福格森的例子中，更难看出她想取悦的对象和缘由。
How much harder will it be to eliminate the prejudice against women? I am sure it will be a longer struggle.
消除对妇女的歧视的困难有多大？我确信这将会是一场更持久的斗争。
Every one of us will have to work at it by studying harder, training more rigorously, working smarter, and thinking anew.
我们每个人都将为此付出努力，更勤奋地学习、更严格地训练、更精明地工作以及用更新的方式去思考。
"It's both harder and easier than you think, " he said.
“那比你想象的要难，也比你想象的要简单。”他说。
But good economics is often harder to do than bad economics.
但好经济学用起来往往比坏经济学更难。
This examination is considered to be harder than any other examinations, as the passing rate is only 6% nationwide.
这个考试在全国的通过率是6%，相比之下要难些，
I thought of shooting an email back to him and trying my best not to be sound like a jerk but it is harder than it seems.
我想发一封邮件给他，尽量让自己看起来不会很奇怪，但这并不如看起来那么简单。
However, if you want a SIM card, and thus a new number, for your mobile phone it is no harder than handing over a few dollars.
然而，如果你想要为你的移动电话申请一张用户身份识别（SIM，subscriberidentitymodule）卡，也即是新的号码，除了要交付一些美元外并不困难。
'The bigger issue, which is harder to pinpoint, is how much sales will go down, ' said Mr. Sanger.
桑格说，更难确定的更大问题是，销售下滑幅度会有多大。
When first training a horse to pick up his feet, you might have to pinch harder.
如果是第一次训练马提起蹄子的话，你可能要更加用力的去捏。
Ailin's father accepts Ailin's desire to keep her feet unbound, despite the fact it will make it harder for her to marry.
爱林的父亲接受爱林的愿望，把自己的脚未绑定，尽管事实上它将使更难她求婚。
Exercising on gym or health club equipment, rather than walking or running on your own, tends to give you a harder workout.
不要只靠自己散步或跑步，到健身房运动或使用健身俱乐部的器材会使你运动得更激烈。
'They're using hatred of the outside world to inspire people to work harder, ' he said. 'The extent of it is quite striking. '
他说，他们正利用对外界的仇恨激励民众更努力工作，其程度相当令人震惊。
As the central bank has tightened monetary policy, this has made it harder for the bank to win the business of ordinary savers.
随着中国央行收紧货币政策，该行赢得普通储户的难度增大了。
And a bust-up in Copenhagen would make it harder to get legislation passed next year.
而哥本哈根会议的分歧又会使来年通过立法更为困难。
To make him happy and encourage him to work harder, I gave him a walkman as a gift.
为了使他开心，也为了鼓励他更加努力，我送他一份礼物——随身听。
Despite the numbers, Knowlton said adoption is harder than it was just a few years ago.
虽然孤儿人数不详，但是诺尔顿说，和几年前相比，现在领养变得难了。
I closed my eyes, pressed my ear even harder against the door, wanting to hear, not wanting to hear.
我合上双眼，耳朵更加紧贴着门板，又想听，又不想听。
I sat down in the dark hall with 600 other nervous kids and the lecturer booms out over the mic, "How do you get workers to work harder? "
我和其他600个紧张的孩子坐在暗暗的大厅，演讲者透过麦克风发出低沉的声音：“如何使员工们工作更努力？”
A brother offended [is harder to be won] than a strong city: and [their] contentions [are] like the bars of a castle.
弟兄结怨，劝他和好，比取坚固城还难，这样的争竞，如同坚寨的门闩。
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