1.坚固的；坚硬的；结实的solid, firm or stiff and difficult to bend or break
Wait for the concrete to go hard.等待混凝土凝结。
a hard mattress硬床垫
Diamonds are the hardest known mineral.钻石是已知的最坚硬的矿石。
2.难做的；难懂的；难以回答的difficult to do, understand or answer
a hard choice/question为难的选择；难以回答的问题
It is hard to believe that she's only nine.很难相信她只有九岁。
It's hard to see how they can lose.很难理解他们怎么会输。
‘When will the job be finished?’ ‘It's hard to say .’(= it is difficult to be certain)“这项工作什么时候能完成？”“难说。”
I find his attitude very hard to take(= difficult to accept) .他的态度让我难以接受。
We're finding reliable staff hard to come by(= difficult to get) .我们觉得难以找到可靠的职员。
It's hard for old people to change their ways.老年人难以改变他们的习惯。
It must be hard for her, bringing up four children on her own.她一个人抚养四个孩子一定很艰难。
3.困苦的；艰苦的；艰难的full of difficulty and problems, especially because of a lack of money
Times were hard at the end of the war.战争后期生活很艰苦。
She's had a hard life.她一生艰苦。
4.耗费体力（或脑力）的；辛苦的needing or using a lot of physical strength or mental effort
It's hard work shovelling snow.铲雪是个苦活儿。
I've had a long hard day.我度过了漫长辛苦的一天。
5.努力的；勤劳的putting a lot of effort or energy into an activity
She's a very hard worker.她工作很卖力。
He's hard at work on a new novel.他正努力忙着写一本新小说。
When I left they were all still hard at it(= working hard) .我离开的时候他们都还在努力工作。
6.用力的；猛烈的done with a lot of strength or force
He gave the door a good hard kick.他狠狠踢了一下门。
a hard punch砰的一拳
7.冷酷无情的；硬心肠的；苛刻的showing no sympathy or affection
My father was a hard man.我父亲是个不讲情面的人。
She gave me a hard stare.她狠狠地看了我一眼。
He said some very hard things to me.他对我说了些很不近人情的话。
8.(informal)准备战斗的；不软弱退缩的ready to fight and showing no signs of fear or weakness
Come and get me if you think you're hard enough.你要是觉得自己有种，就冲着我来吧。
You think you're really hard, don't you?你是不是以为自己真的很勇猛？
9.[obn]确凿的；可证实的；可靠的definitely true and based on information that can be proved
Is there any hard evidence either way?不管正反，有什么确凿证据吗？
The newspaper story is based on hard facts .报纸的这篇报道有可靠的事实根据。
10.寒冷的；凛冽的very cold and severe
It had been a hard winter .那年的冬天特别冷。
There was a hard frost that night.那天晚上寒冷多霜。
11.[obn]酒精浓度高的；烈性的strongly alcoholic
hard liquor烈酒
a drop of the hard stuff(= a strong alcoholic drink)少许烈酒
12.硬的（含钙及镁等可溶性盐较多）containing calcium and other mineral salts that make mixing with soap difficult
a hard water area硬水区
Our water is very hard.我们的水很硬。
13.硬音的（如字母 c 或 g 在 cat 或 go 等词中的发音）used to describe a letter <ei>c</ei> or <ei>g</ei> when pronounced as in ‘cat’ or ‘go’, rather than as in ‘city’ or ‘giant’
Don't be too hard on him─he's very young.别对他太苛刻了，他还很小呢。
It's hard on people who don't have a car.对于没有车的人来说，这不公平。
Looking at a computer screen all day can be very hard on the eyes.成天盯着计算机屏幕可能会对眼睛造成严重损害。
Don't be too hard on him─he's very young.别对他太苛刻了，他还很小呢。
It's hard on people who don't have a car.对于没有车的人来说，这不公平。
Looking at a computer screen all day can be very hard on the eyes.成天盯着计算机屏幕可能会对眼睛造成严重损害。
They really gave me a hard time at the interview.面试时他们确实是在难为我。
They really gave me a hard time at the interview.面试时他们确实是在难为我。
There are no hard and fast rules about this.这事没有什么硬性的规定。
There are no hard and fast rules about this.这事没有什么硬性的规定。
I'm finding his latest novel very hard going.我觉得他最近的这部小说很晦涩。
I'm finding his latest novel very hard going.我觉得他最近的这部小说很晦涩。
‘Failed again, I'm afraid.’ ‘Oh, hard luck.’“恐怕我又失败了。”“哦，太不幸了。”
‘Failed again, I'm afraid.’ ‘Oh, hard luck.’“恐怕我又失败了。”“哦，太不幸了。”
She won't listen to my advice so she'll just have to learn the hard way .她不肯听我的忠告，所以只好吃了苦头才知道厉害。
She won't listen to my advice so she'll just have to learn the hard way .她不肯听我的忠告，所以只好吃了苦头才知道厉害。
It looks like I'm the winner again. No hard feelings, Dave, eh?看来我又赢了。你不会不高兴吧，戴夫？
It looks like I'm the winner again. No hard feelings, Dave, eh?看来我又赢了。你不会不高兴吧，戴夫？
I can't be bothered making a hot meal─it's too much like hard work.我懒得做热饭热菜，太麻烦了。
I can't be bothered making a hot meal─it's too much like hard work.我懒得做热饭热菜，太麻烦了。
1.努力地；费力地；艰难地with great effort; with difficulty
to work hard努力工作
You must try harder .你得更加努力。
She tried her hardest not to show how disappointed she was.她竭力不流露出自己有多失望。
Don't hit it so hard!别这么用力打！
He was still breathing hard after his run.他跑完步，现在还气喘吁吁的。
Our victory was hard won(= won with great difficulty) .我们的胜利来之不易。
2.猛力地；猛烈地with great force
Small businesses have been hit hard / hard hit by the recession.小企业受到了经济衰退的沉重打击。
3.彻底认真地very carefully and thoroughly
to think hard认真思考
We thought long and hard before deciding to move house.我们经过长久慎重的考虑之后才决定搬家。
4.沉重地；大量地；长时间地heavily; a lot or for a long time
It was raining hard when we set off.我们出发时正下着大雨。
5.向左（或右）急转弯at a sharp angle to the left/right
Turn hard right at the next junction.在下个路口处向右急转弯。
She has every right to feel hard done by─her parents have given her nothing.她完全有理由觉得委屈，她父母什么都没给她。
She has every right to feel hard done by─her parents have given her nothing.她完全有理由觉得委屈，她父母什么都没给她。
He was hard put to it to explain her disappearance.他很难对她的消失作出解释。
He was hard put to it to explain her disappearance.他很难对她的消失作出解释。
We're hard up for ideas.我们再想不出主意了。
We're hard up for ideas.我们再想不出主意了。
His death followed hard on hers.她死后不久，他也死了。
His death followed hard on hers.她死后不久，他也死了。
He took his wife's death very hard.他对妻子的死感到很难过。
He took his wife's death very hard.他对妻子的死感到很难过。
Just a few years ago, it would be hard to imagine these people even knowing each other, let alone engaging in a deep collaborative process.
就在几年以前，还很难想象这些官员能够相互认识，更不要说进行深入的合作了。
A sudden fall in sales will leave them without cash at a time when bank overdrafts are hard to secure or to increase.
销售的突然下降将让他们没有现金，同时银行透支额也很难保证或增加。
Keep calm at least When you had fallen to the bottom of your life, every people around you would tell you: Be hard-bitten and be happy!
在你跌入人生谷底的时候，你身旁所有的人都告诉你：要坚强，而且要快乐。
It's hard to get used to the idea because usually you win trophies as a team and that's what I enjoy so much.
很难适应这个消息，因为通常会作为球队的一分子赢得奖杯，那是我非常享受的事情。
He's training very hard here in Iceland on his vacation and he's going to be well prepared for the next season.
假期中，他在冰岛训练的非常刻苦，他正在为下赛季做充分的准备。
'It is too late, 'she said, her voice hard and her eyes shining unnaturally.
“太晚了，”她说。她声音有些刺耳，眼睛的光芒也是躲躲闪闪的。
Injuries are the enemy of a footballer. Seeing your mates on the pitch, winning games is hard.
伤病是球员的敌人，当你看到你的队友在球场上赢得比赛时，这很让人难受。
Despite a moderate hype, it is hard to point to many youngsters ready to break into the first team.
尽管经过大肆宣传，但还是得指出，许多年轻人还无法打入一线队。
Even without the north-south divide, however, Vale might have had a hard time putting its stamp on its new acquisition.
不过，即使没有这种南北分歧，淡水河谷可能还是难以在这家新收购的企业打上自己的印记。
With all that repeated code, you're bound to have inconsistencies, and it will be hard to maintain.
对于所有重复的代码，一定会出现不一致性，因此将很难进行维护。
It's not just low volume or poor reception that makes it hard to hear people on the other end of a mobile phone call, say US researchers.
美国研究人员认为：不只是音量过小或调节不当导致手机那头的声音难以听到。
It's hard to make sense, feels as if I'm sensing you through a lens.
这种感觉很难表达，就像我正通过镜头感觉你们一样。
They had not lived long enough or hard enough to possess those qualities that interested him.
她们生活经历不够长，或者还不知生活艰辛，因此没有这种足以吸引他的气质。
What I learned: Junk food is a habit, just as hard to break as cigarettes or alcohol.
从中，我认识到了：吃垃圾食品，其实是一种习惯，和戒烟戒酒一样很难。
It will be hard to say goodbye but I'm very much at peace with the next custodian of this property and that's the best way to look at it.
说再见是很难，不过我同遗迹的下一个监护人之间倒很平静，这是最理想的应对之道。
Trying to accumulate wealth by the sweat of your brow and hard labor is one way to become the richest man in the graveyard.
试图通过辛苦的体力劳动来积累财富，那么，你有可能会在垂暮之年变成最富有的人。
We are a hard-working family trying to practise our religion whilst living in a Western society.
我们是一个在西方社会里辛勤工作的家庭，我们同时践行着我们的宗教。
As with an actual gold mine, you still have to work hard to get the gold out of it.
可是，和真正的金矿一样，你仍需要努力工作挖掘金矿。
Trying to work out what is going on in trace is hard enough without things appearing to occur at the wrong time.
如果没有事情似乎在错误的时间发生，那么尝试弄清跟踪数据中发生了什么是相当困难的。
For you weigh men down with burdens hard to bear, while you yourselves will not even touch the burdens with one of your fingers.
因为你们把难担的担子放在人身上，自己一个指头却不肯动。
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